Performance of Representative Transformer-Less Topologies for Photovoltaic Applications

This paper faces the effectiveness of transformerless topologies for small-scale photovoltaic (PV) applications. The main issues of leakage current and common-mode (CM) voltage are adapted by some representative proposed topologies as full-bridge, H5, H6, HERIC. Due to the lack of knowledge, the CM noise source should be internally reduced. Meanwhile, the performance of advanced transformer-less topologies have been reproduced analytically and analyzed for common-mode and differential-mode components. Similarly, the reduction of the harmonic emission can be clarified by considering different control strategies of pulse width modulation (PWM) as random PWM schemes. Based on simulation results, the deduced conclusions are produced to recommend the disturbance properties of single-phase PV applications.